食用葡萄糖与医用葡萄糖的区别？
来源：http://www.jnjdbc.com 日期：2020-08-05 发布人：admin
医用葡萄糖一般为液态，浓度与人体血浆渗透压相同，而食用葡萄糖常见的都是白色粉末。食用葡萄糖用途更加广泛，而医用葡萄糖主要作用于医药领域，比如我们经常见的输液。下面我们具体来了解下两者的不同之处。
Medical glucose is generally liquid, the concentration is the same as the osmotic pressure of human plasma, and the common edible glucose is white powder. Edible glucose is more widely used, and medical glucose is mainly used in the field of medicine, such as the infusion we often see. Let's take a look at the differences between the two.
食用葡萄糖特性点：
The characteristic points of edible glucose were as follows
无色或白色结晶粉末，无臭，甜度约为蔗糖的70%。相对密度1.544（25℃），溶点146℃（分解）。溶于水，稍溶于乙醇，不溶于乙醚和芳香烃。大水溶液中结晶时，带有分子结晶水，熔点83℃，具有还原性和右旋光性。
Colorless or white crystalline powder, odorless, about 70% sweetness of sucrose. The relative density was 1.544 (25 ℃) and the melting point was 146 ℃ (decomposition). Soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol, insoluble in ether and aromatic hydrocarbons. When crystallized in large aqueous solution, it contains molecular crystal water with melting point of 83 ℃ and has reducibility and dextroropticity.
用途：医药用于营养剂、兼有强心、、等作用。也可用作制备搞坏血酸，葡萄糖醛酸、葡萄糖酸钙等的原料。食品工业中用制糖浆，糖果等。印染工业和制革业用作还原剂。
Uses: medicine is used as nutriment, and has the functions of strengthening heart, diuresis and detoxification. It can also be used as raw materials for the preparation of spoilage blood acid, glucuronic acid, calcium gluconate, etc. Syrup and candy are used in food industry. It is used as reducing agent in printing and dyeing industry and leather industry.
医药葡萄糖特点：
The characteristics of medical glucose are as follows
1.葡萄糖在医学上主要用作注射用营养剂（葡萄糖注射液）。
1. Glucose is mainly used as a nutrient for injection (glucose injection) in medicine.
2.药理作用:能补充体内水分和糖分,具有补充体液、供给能量、补充血糖、强心、等作用。
2. Pharmacological effects: it can supplement water and sugar in the body, supplement body fluid, supply energy, supplement blood sugar, strengthen heart diuresis, detoxification and so on.
3.适应症：其5%溶液为等渗液，用于各种急性中毒，以促进毒物排泄；10%~50%为高溶液，用于低血糖症、营养不良，或用于心力衰竭、脑水肿、肺水肿等的。
3. Indications: 5% of its solution is isotonic solution, which is used for various acute poisoning to promote the excretion of poison; 10% - 50% of high solution is used for hypoglycemia, malnutrition, or the treatment of heart failure, brain edema, pulmonary edema, etc.
4.葡萄糖作为非处方药主要用于：⑴配制口服补盐液以调节体液，用于出汗、呕吐、腹泻引起的体液丢失。⑵口服给药用于身体虚弱、营养不良等以补充营养，或用于血糖过低者。
4. Glucose as an over-the-counter drug is mainly used for: (1) preparation of oral salt supplement solution to regulate body fluid, for fluid loss caused by sweating, vomiting and diarrhea. (2) oral administration is used to supplement nutrition for weak and malnourished people, or for patients with hypoglycemia.
二、功能主治：
2、 Main indications: 1
1．补充热能和体液，用于各种原因引起的进食不足或大量体液丢失（如呕吐、腹泻、重伤大失血等)，全静脉营养，饥饿性酮症。
1. Supplement heat energy and body fluid, for various reasons caused by insufficient food intake or a large number of fluid loss (such as vomiting, diarrhea, serious injury, massive blood loss, etc.), total parenteral nutrition, starvation ketosis.
2．低血糖症。
2. Hypoglycemia.
3．高钾血症。与胰岛素合用，可促进钾转移入细胞内。
3. Hyperkalemia. When combined with insulin, it can promote the transfer of potassium into cells.
4．高渗溶液用作组织脱水剂，可用于脑水肿、肺水肿及降低眼内压，常与甘露醇等脱水药联合应用。
4. Hypertonic solution is used as tissue dehydrating agent, which can be used for brain edema, pulmonary edema and lowering intraocular pressure, and is often combined with mannitol and other dehydration drugs.
5．配制腹膜透析液。
5. Prepare peritoneal dialysate.
三、不良反应：
3、 Adverse reactions:
1.胃肠道反应，如恶心、呕吐等，见于口服浓度过高过快时。
1. Gastrointestinal reactions, such as nausea and vomiting, occur when the oral concentration is too high or too fast.
2.反应性低血糖。
2. Reactive hypoglycemia.